[edit: sorry, it seems that the /locate command requires that you capitalize things, things DO work with biome size 2 though are very rare, updates incoming]

[edit2: here are the results of running /locate on Village, Stronghold, Mineshaft, Monument, Mansion, and confirmed by teleported (except as otherwise noted with *– which means I teleported there but couldn't find anything underground). So it seems the bug has since been accidentally fixed, mostly, almost… except that you shouldn't really expect to see Mineshafts and Strongholds anywhere close the spawn, the smaller biome size you get.]

biome size 1 found within 1000x1000 of spawn: Village, Temple found within 5000x5000 of spawn: Mineshaft*, Stronghold* found within 10000x10000 of spawn: Monument not found or crashed the game: Mansion biome size 2 found within 1000x1000 of spawn: Village, Mineshaft*, Stronghold found within 10000x10000 of spawn: Monument not found or crashed the game: Mansion 

(this section will be updated in 30min again)

[end edit 2]

The devs have marked this bug "working as intended". So don't start playing in a world with your friends with a non-default biome size. It's a trap, and a week or two later when you realize there are no villages, monuments, mansions, mineshafts, etc., you will have to restart your world.

Ridiculous for them to mark it "works as intended" when it's clearly a bug. Working as intended would require a warning that the world will not have ground structures. Seems to not work with biome sizes of 1 and 2 (haven't tested 3). This appears to be a bug that you won't discover for a week and destroys a week of progress for everyone, and new users won't even know they're being subject to it; it's really awful from a usability and design perspective. As a developer, this may be one of the most insidious issues I've ever seen, in terms of frustration.

http://ift.tt/2lcMNql

http://ift.tt/2lLWTfp (though not good etiquette to open a duplicate bug rather than request a bug is reopened via a comment, this was someone politely pointing out this was ridiculous)

(Links for reference; obviously don't spam the bugtracker.)